■本报记者 马方业 王宁
I'm a journalist for this newspaper, Ma Fong-yee Wang Ning.
从Facebook发布白皮书算起，Libra进入公众视野已近半年，虽然在发展过程中艰难曲折，但还是引起了许多国家和公众的强烈关注。日前，北京互联网金融协会研究院院长、易股天下集团创始人易欢欢在接受《证券日报》记者专访时，就首先从Libra的诞生讲起了区块链的未来与前景。
Since the release of the White Paper on Facebook, Libra’s entry into public view has been a source of great concern for many countries and the general public, despite difficult developments. The President of the Institute of the Internet Finance Association in Beijing, the founder of the IFS, was pleased to receive a special interview with the Daily Securities Journal, beginning with the birth of Libra with the future and future of the chain.
易欢欢认为，2020年区块链将进入快速且广泛地应用之中，加密数字币+智能合约+分布式应用（DApp）等会全面开花，尤其是在金融领域方面，“区块链+金融”更将会全面应用：股票、贷款、抵押、产品、智能财产和智能合约等都会有所涉及。“区块链不仅仅是一项技术，但在这轮技术革命中区块链的影响要远大于其他技术，可能会有颠覆性的业务、技术或企业出现。”
It is to be welcomed that the 2020 block chain will enter into rapid and widespread application, that encryption digital currency + smart contracts + distributed applications (Dapps) will flourish, and that “block chains + finance” will be applied more comprehensively, especially in the financial area: stocks, loans, mortgages, products, smart assets, smart contracts, etc., will be involved. “The block chain is not just a technology, but the impact of the block chain in this technological revolution will be far greater than other technologies, and there may be subversive operations, technologies or businesses.”
2019年6月18日，Facebook向全球发布了Libra白皮书；7月17日，美国众议院金融服务委员会举行有关Facebook虚拟货币的听证会；随后有消息称，法国和德国已经同意抵制Libra；10月5日，PayPal宣布放弃参与Libra；此后，以法国为首的欧盟五国正联手抵制Libra进入欧洲市场。
On 18 June 2019, Facebook released the Libra White Paper to the world; on 17 July, the United States House Committee on Financial Services held a hearing on Facebook virtual currency; following reports that France and Germany had agreed to boycott Libra; on 5 October, PayPal had renounced its participation in Libra; and since then, the five countries of the European Union, led by France, were joining forces to boycott Libra's entry into European markets.
在短短半年时间内，有些人几乎还没弄清楚什么是加密币，Libra便从刚刚进入公众视野已经到了欧洲各国抵制发展的阶段，这也从侧面反映出区块链技术奥秘之处。
In a short period of six months, some people have barely figured out what the encrypt currency is, and Libra has moved from being in the public domain to the stage of resistance to development in European countries, reflecting on its side the technical secret of the block chain.
“Libra其实就是一种稳定数字币，但它是锚定货币篮子，主要用于支付，尤其是跨境支付；如果按照当前形势的发展预期，各国将会在2020年上半年有针对性发布监管措施或风险提示等。”易欢欢向记者表示，Facebook发布Libra的战略目标是要获得新的盈利模式，例如在支付手续费和节点接入费等方面，长远目标是要成为全球数字经济的超主权央行，直到最终建立Facebook数字经济帝国，将以大量直接以Libra计价的场景应用。
“Libra is actually a stable digital currency, but it is an anchored money basket, which is used primarily to pay for payments, especially across borders; countries will have targeted regulatory measures or risk alerts in the first half of 2020, if the current situation is to be expected.” The euphemisms say to journalists that Facebook's strategic goal of publishing Libra is to obtain new profit models, such as payment of processing fees and node access fees, with the long-term goal of becoming a super-sovereign central bank for the global digital economy until a Facebook digital economy empire is eventually established, with a large number of scenarios directly priced at Libra.
易欢欢认为，按照当前Libra的发展情景来看，各国央行或将会有所行动，将主导“正规军”入场，加密数字币从理想主义的1.0升级为商业主义的2.0，成为不可逆的趋势；同时，跨国公司联盟主导货币非国家化进程，资本主义全球化进入新阶段；开启数字经济大国博弈的新战场，Libra或成美元霸权的延伸和利益代表；另外支付宝、微信支付的海外业务也有可能受到不小地打击。
In the current context of Libra's development, central banks may be expected to take action to take the lead in the “regular army” and to upgrade encryption digital currency from ideal 1.0 to commercial 2.0, which is an irreversible trend; at the same time, TNC alliances take the lead in the process of de-nationalization of currencies and capitalist globalization enter a new phase; new battlegrounds are opened for the digital economy's big players, Libra or the extension and interest representatives of the hegemonic power of the dollar; and overseas operations that pay treasures, micro-credits and pay for them may also be hit in a significant way.
中国人民银行前行长周小川曾公开表示，它不仅是对传统业务和支付系统的冲击，Libra企图盯住一篮子货币的想法，在实际上也“代表了未来可能出现一种全球化货币的趋势。在人民币本外币趋同和一体化的进程中，需要考虑这种趋势对我们的压力。”
The former Governor of the People's Bank of China, Zhou Xiaochuan, has stated publicly that it is not only an impact on traditional operations and payment systems, but that Libra's attempt to keep an eye on the idea of a basket of currencies also represents, in practice, a possible future trend towards a globalized currency. In the process of convergence and integration of the People's Currency, it is necessary to consider the pressures that this trend places on us.”
对此，有专家指出，全球各国对Libra的发展之所以如此高度关注，主要是基于几方面：一是Libra是全球首家大型网络巨头发起的加密币，除了Facebook之外，Visa、Mastercard、Paypal、Uber等大机构都参与其中。特别是Facebook在全球拥有23亿人社交网络基础，预计Libra的推广速度，不亚于微信春晚摇红包的推广速度。二是Libra与一篮子货币的存款或政府债券挂钩，与比特币等没有任何资产支撑的加密币更符合大众的思维习惯。
In response, it was noted that the global interest in Libra’s development was based primarily on several sources: Libra, the world’s first major network giant, launched encryption coins, with the participation of major institutions such as Visa, Mastercard, Paypal, and Uber, in addition to Facebook. In particular, Facebook, which has a 2.3 billion social network base around the world, is expected to expand Libra at a rate no less than that of the popular thinking.
易欢欢表示，其实中国人民银行已经在数字货币领域低调研发了5年。“中国版数字货币项目称之为DC/EP（Digital Currency/Electronic Payment），即数字货币和电子支付工具，其功能属性与纸钞完全一样，只不过是数字化形态，并为中国目前已经非常先进的电子支付系统提供更多冗余性。”他说。
“The Chinese version of the digital currency project is called DC/EP, a digital currency and electronic payment tool whose functional attributes are exactly the same as banknotes, are merely digital, and provide more redundancy for China’s already advanced electronic payment system.” he said.
易欢欢认为，进入2020年，区块链将正式进入一个新时代，即智能合约时代，加密数字币+智能合约+分布式应用（DApp）等都会落地，尤其是在金融领域，例如股票、贷款、抵押、产品、智能财产和智能合约等场景。“区块链不仅仅是一项技术，这一技术的影响要远大于其他技术发展，可能会有颠覆性的业务、技术或者企业出现。”
In 2020, the block chain will officially enter a new era, the era of smart contracts, where encrypted digital currency + smart contracts + distributed applications (Dapps), especially in the financial field, such as stocks, loans, mortgages, products, smart property and smart contracts. “The block chain is not just a technology, and its impact is far greater than that of other technological developments, and there may be subversive operations, technologies, or businesses.”
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