区块链是什么？
What's the block chain?
区块链是一种新型去中心化协议，通过分布式账本（或者叫数据库）这个载体，能安全地存储比特币交易或其它数据，通过分布在全球的网络确保信息不可伪造和篡改，可以自动执行智能合约，无需任何中心化机构的审核。交易既可以是比特币这样的数字货币，也可以是股权、知识产权这样的数字资产。大大降低了经济运行的信任和会计成本。
Block chains are a new type of decentralized agreement that allows the safe storage of bitcoin transactions or other data through a distributed account (or database) vehicle, ensuring that information is not forged or tampered with through a worldwide network, and that allows for the automatic execution of smart contracts without any centralised agency. Transactions can be either a digital currency like Bitcoin or a digital asset like equity or intellectual property.
区块链有2个核心概念：交易/事务和区块
The block chain has two core concepts: transactions/services and blocks
什么是交易/事务？
What is the transaction/service?
区块链是一个全局共享的，事务性的数据库。这个网络的每一个人都可以读取其中的记录。如果你想修改这个数据库中的东西，就必须创建一个事务，并得到其他所有人的确认。事务意味着你要做一个修改，要么被完全执行要么一点都没有执行。当你的事务被应用到这个数据库的时候，其他事务不能修改该数据库。
The block chain is a global, transactional database. Everyone in this network can read the records. If you want to change what is in this database, you must create a transaction and get confirmation from everyone else. The matter means that you have to make a change, either fully executed or not executed at all. When your business is applied to this database, no other matter can change the database.
举个例子，想象一张表，里面列出了比特币所有账号的余额。当从账户A到账户B的转账请求发生时，这个数据库的事务特性确保从账户A中减掉的金额会被加到账户B上。如果因为某种原因，往账户B增加金额无法进行，那么账户A的金额也不会发生任何变化。
For example, imagine a table showing the balance of all Bitcoin accounts. When a transfer request from account A to account B occurs, the transactional characteristics of this database ensure that the amount cut from account A is added to account B. If, for some reason, an increase to account B cannot be made, the amount of account A will not change.
此外，一个事务会被发送者（事务的创建者）进行密码学签名。这项措施为数据库的修改增加了访问保护。在上面的比特币例子中，可以确保只有持有账户A密钥的人，才能从该账户向外转账。
In addition, a transaction is signed by the sender (the creator of the transaction). This measure adds access protection to the database changes. In the bitcoin example above, it is ensured that only the person holding the key to account A can make an outward transfer from the account.
什么是区块？
What's a block?
区块链要解决的一个主要难题，在比特币中被称为“双花攻击”。当网络上出现了两笔交易，都要从一个账户中转出余额时，会发生什么？一个冲突？
One of the major problems to be solved by the block chain is what is called a "double flower attack" in Bitcoin. What happens when there are two transactions on the network that have to be transferred from an account? A conflict?
简单的回答是你不需要关心这个问题。这些交易会被排序并打包成“区块”，然后被所有参与的节点执行和分发。如果两笔交易相互冲突，排序靠后的交易会被拒绝并剔除出区块。
The simple answer is that you do not have to care about this question. These transactions are sorted and packaged into blocks, and then executed and distributed by all participating nodes.
这些区块按时间排成一个线性序列。这也正是“区块链”这个词的由来。区块以一个相当规律的时间间隔加入到链上。对于比特币，这个间隔大致是10分钟。而对于以太坊，这个间隔大致是17秒，以太坊对比特币做了改进，相信未来可以做到接近实时转账，就可以运用到实时性要求比较高的商业领域。
These blocks are sorted into a linear sequence by time. That is why the term "block chain" is used. Blocks are added to the chain at a fairly regular time interval. For Bitcoin, this interval is about 10 minutes. For Ether, the interval is about 17 seconds, and it is improved by the tatai bitco, which is believed to be close to real-time transfers in the future and can be applied to a business area where real-time requirements are higher than real-time requirements.
作为“顺序选择机制”（通常称为“挖矿”）的一部分，一段区块链可能会时不时被回滚。但这种情况只会发生在整条链的末端。回滚涉及的区块越多，其发生的概率越小。所以你的交易可能会被回滚，甚至会被从区块链中删除。但是你等待的越久，这种情况发生的概率就越小。
As part of the “sequencial selection mechanism” (often referred to as “mining”), a block chain may be rolled back from time to time. But this happens only at the end of the entire chain. The more blocks roll back, the less likely it will occur. So your transaction may roll back, or even be removed from the chain. But the longer you wait, the less likely it will happen.
未来展望
Outlook for the future
了解了区块链的一些基本原理，聪明的你也许已经发现了其中的价值。传统互联网完成了信息全球化的传递，但不能传递信任和价值，而区块链的特性可以传递信任和价值。相信区块链将引领信息互联网往价值互联网进化。未来10年人类社会将进入更加公开透明的世界。
Understanding some of the fundamentals of the block chain, smart you may have discovered its value. The traditional Internet has made it possible to globalize information, but not trust and value, and the characteristics of the block chain can convey trust and value.
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McKenzie predicts that in 2030, the bank's big data progress will be `Killing Women' and `Buddhists', `Booking Women's Blocks', `Budds', `Buddhists', `Buddhists'.'
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