“最近热火的‘元宇宙’，其实是在原有的空间中增加了数据空间，在这个数据空间甚至会产生生命，正如科幻电影中一样，一个人如果离开了这个世界，但是他留下了大量的数据，人工智能能让他在数据空间‘复活’。”
“The recent hotness of the `megaspace' has actually added data space to the existing space, where life can even be created, as in Sci-fi movies, if a person leaves the world, but he leaves a great deal of data, and artificial intelligence has allowed him to `rejuvenate' in the data space.”
涂子沛 南方+ 张迪 拍摄
12月3日，由南方日报社主办的“数据新价值”2021南方智享会主题沙龙在广州举行，大数据专家、科技作家涂子沛现场作《数据价值的历史、未来和想象》的主题分享。会上，涂子沛受聘为南方产业智库专家。
On 3 December, Sharon, the theme of “New Values of Data” 2021, hosted by the South Daily News, was held in Guangzhou, where big data experts, tech writers, shared the theme of “History, Future, and Imagination of Data Values.” At the conference, he was hired as an expert in industrial think tanks in the South.
打造一个新的数据空间
数据是什么？涂子沛表示，过去，照片可以表达很多信息，一图抵千言，而数据依然是“信息之王”和“价值之王”。
What is the data? In the past, photos can convey a lot of information, a figure that reaches thousands, while data remain the “King of Information” and the “King of Values”.
“信息有各式各样的表达方式，而最好的方式是数据，无数个0和1就可以表达无穷多的信息。”涂子沛举例说，微信实现了人与人的相连，实际上连接的是数据：你发的每一则信息都是数据或者比特流。
“Information is expressed in a variety of ways, but the best way is data, where countless zeros and ones can express an infinite amount of information.” For example, micro-letters bring people together, and in fact connect data: every message you send is data or bitstream.
涂子沛常常认为，今天这个时代很像大航海时代。哥伦布开启的大航海时代，并没有像现在回顾的那样震撼和有影响力，实际上这是一场非常勉强的旅行——他时刻担心水手叛变，他们都反对往前走，因为不知道去哪里。直到看到了水草，哥伦布判断离岸不远，要水手坚持，但也不知道这是到了新大陆，还以为是到了印度。
In fact, it was a very reluctant journey — he was constantly worried about the defection of the sailors, and they were all opposed to moving forward because they did not know where to go. Until he saw the water grass, Columbus judged it to be not far from shore, he insisted, but he did not know it was a new continent and thought it was India.
后来，西班牙封了一个首席航海官，叫America（这就是美国由来），他带着船队正式登陆美洲大陆，发现了黄金，一箱一箱往回运，印第安人觉得很奇怪，黄金不能吃、不能穿——他们不知道这个东西在旧大陆是财富。
Later, Spain sealed a chief navigator named America, who had formally landed on the American continent with a flotilla and found gold, a box and a box, and the Indians found it strange that gold could not be eaten or worn — they did not know that it was a treasure in the old continent.
同样，到现在，极大部分人都不知道他们的公司会成为数据公司，有一天数据会成为生产要素。
Similarly, by now, a large proportion of people do not know that their companies will become data companies and that data will one day become factors of production.
涂子沛表示，尽管这个世界已经没有新的大陆空间可以被发掘，但人类正在打造一个新的空间，即数据空间，甚至可以称之为“元宇宙”。
The coating suggests that, although there is no new continental space in the world that can be discovered, humanity is building a new space, that is, a data space, even what can be called a meta-cosmos.
“元宇宙里每个人都不会死，你的孙子的孙子也可以跟你对话，因为你留下了数据，甚至可以请教问题。”涂子沛说，元宇宙就变得有生命，它是基于数据孪生之上的一个空间。
"Everybody in the Woncoast will not die, and your grandson's grandson can talk to you, because you left the data, and you can even ask questions." Pseudo says, the Yuanco is alive, and it's based on a space above the data twin.
微信步数可成投保参考
在这个数据空间，数据就是唯一的要素，涂子沛认为，要尽快释放数据价值。
In this data space, data is the only element, and coatings suggest that the value of data should be released as soon as possible.
那么，数据价值应该以什么样的形式释放？涂子沛举例说，借助数据，保险业已经发生非常大的变化，比如把微信步数提交给保险公司，你走的步数越多，保费可能就越低。
So, what form should the value of the data be released? For example, with the help of data, the insurance industry has changed dramatically, for example, by submitting micro-letter steps to insurance companies, the more steps you take, the lower the premium may be.
农业制造和工业生产也同样出现了变化。最近，涂子沛去了一家智慧大棚基地，用数据种西红柿，从选种开始，通过营养学家把西红柿每天需要的条件计算出来，用人工智能控制条件，温度、湿度、光照度、营养液，全由数据驱动，让西红柿在最舒服的条件下生长，最后，所有的西红柿都长到最饱满的状态。
The same changes have occurred in agricultural and industrial production. More recently, paints have gone to an intelligent shed base, using data to plant tomatoes, starting with the selection of species, calculating the conditions that tomatoes need every day through nutrients, using artificial intelligence to control conditions, temperature, humidity, light, nutrients, all data-driven, allowing tomatoes to grow in the most comfortable conditions, and finally, all tomatoes to grow to the fullest.
同时，他还举了珠海伊斯佳公司的例子，针对用户提取的皮肤组织或者皮肤拍照，伊斯佳用人工智能分析，每个人会产生独特的配方，护肤品从进入生产线一直到灌液，每个人的配方都是不同的，最后自动装盒、送货上门。
At the same time, he gave the example of the company Juhai Isja, which took photographs of the skin tissue or skin taken by the user, which used artificial intelligence analysis to produce unique formulas for each person, which ranged from entering the production line to irrigation, each of which had different formulations and ended up being automatically boxed and delivered to the door.
数据在意想不到的地方发挥着作用。涂子沛举例说，美国加州一名凶手逍遥法外40年，他作案时是青年，抓到的时候是78岁，手上背负12条人命。他是怎么被抓到的呢，其实是因为他留下一些数据，尤其是个人身理特征。正好当地有一个寻亲网站，经过数据分析，网站会告诉你和谁是亲戚。不巧的是，比对发现了凶手。
Data play a role where they don't come from. For example, a killer in California has been at large for 40 years. He was a young man, 78 years old, with 12 lives on his hands. How did he get caught, actually because he left some data, especially personal features.
涂子沛甚至断言：未来犯罪会越来越少，因为你只要一触电，数据都被记录下来，而且不是一个干警在抓你，而是每个信息网都在抓你，事实上，近年来破获的一些重大案件，如白银连环杀人案等，都是通过数据分析破案。未来的警察也要懂数据科学，“也许今天觉得数据一分钱不值，明天找不到时花多少钱也愿意要”。
In fact, some of the major cases that have been uncovered in recent years, such as the White Silver serial killings, have been solved through data analysis. The future police also need to understand the science of data, “maybe today the data is not worth a penny, and tomorrow it costs as much as it costs to find out”.
涂子沛家有藏书三千，整整一个房间都放不下，以至于经常压抑自己买书的欲望，涂子沛说，未来可能不需要书房，一个小小的U盘、硬盘就可以代替。而书则会变成电影、话剧一样，可以观看演出。
The paint house has 3,000 books, and the whole room is too much to let down its own desire to buy books, and the paint says that the future may not require a library, but a small flash drive, a hard drive, can be replaced. And the books will become movies, dramas, and performances.
就在最近，工信部发布大数据“十四五”规划，涂子沛说，相比“十三五”规划定位数据是国家战略性新兴产业，5年过去了，外界也看到，数据真的在变成一个产业，而不仅仅是一个行业。
Just recently, the Ministry of Information and Communications released its big data, the 14th Five-Year Plan, which, compared to the 13th Five-Year Plan Positioning Data, is a strategic new industry in the country, and five years later, it has been seen that the data is really turning into an industry, not just an industry.
数据价值释放还有“几多槛”
释放数据价值，也面临不少挑战。
There are also a number of challenges in releasing the value of the data.
在广州市数字经济立法的调研会上，涂子沛遇到尚品宅配的代表，他们提出一个诉求：定制家居要派人入屋量边边角角，包括高度、宽度等等，政府事实上有每间房子的图纸，如果把图纸开放出来，那么测量房子的工作就会大幅度缩减，甚至工作量可以降低到1/10。
During the research on digital economy legislation in Guangzhou City, there was an encounter with representatives of the remixes, who made a claim that custom-made home owners should be placed on the edges of the house, including heights, widths, etc., that the Government in fact had drawings for each house, and that if the drawings were opened, the measuring of the house would be significantly reduced, and even the workload could be reduced to one-tenth.
“应不应该开放？或者应该怎么开放？这个数据政府毫无疑问是有的，但哪个政府敢给？这是不是需要新的法规？”涂子沛说。
“Is it supposed to be open? Or should it be? There is no doubt about this data government, but which government gives it? Is this a need for new regulations?"
与此同时，个性化推荐也引来新的争议，涂子沛说，最近在装修房子，向朋友询问买什么漆，结果微信里马上各种油漆品牌的广告就来了，非常精准。这就是人工智能在发挥作用，你谈什么，自动推送你要的东西。
At the same time, the personalization recommendation has also given rise to new controversy, and it's said that the recent renovation of the house, asking friends for paints, has led to a very accurate ad for various paint brands in the microletter. That's what artificial intelligence is doing, what you talk about, and what you automatically give you.
“数据的价值在于智能化，也在于个性化。其实我们都想得到个性化的服务和商品，那么，我们就要交出数据。”涂子沛说。
"The value of data lies in intelligence, in personality. In fact, we all want to get personalized services and goods, and then we're going to hand over the data."
人工智能事实上是根据数据“喂大”的，算法才能更加精准，涂子沛说，人工智能取代了大量的人类工作，“其实，这些工作事实上是被数据取代了，而且是被用户自己的数据取代了”。
Artificial intelligence is, in fact, “breathing” according to data to make algorithms more precise, and artificial intelligence is said to replace a great deal of human work, “in fact, it is actually replaced by data, and it is replaced by the user's own data”.
涂子沛说，这就存在一个悖论：我们向互联网不断贡献数据，贡献得越多，工作取代越快，人工智能就越发达。
This is a paradox: the more data we contribute to the Internet, the faster we replace it, the more artificial intelligence we develop.
“你免费向互联网贡献数据，但你并没有收到收益，然后，互联网搜集这些数据并开发更好的人工智能取代你的工作。那怎么办？”涂子沛对此提议，人类未来一周工作四天。
"You contribute data to the Internet free of charge, but you don't get the benefits, and then the Internet collects these data and develops better artificial intelligence to replace your job. So what do you do?
休息三天没有地方去？涂子沛笑道，去“元宇宙”，数字世界都为用户准备好了，我们现在每天花费大量的时间看手机，事实上就是活在数据空间里面，未来如果戴着VR，就更花费时间在元宇宙中。
There's no place to go for three days? The laughter of paint, going to the meta-cosmos, the digital world is ready for users, we spend a lot of time looking at cell phones every day, actually living in data space, and the future, if we wear VRs, we spend more time in the meta-cosmos.
用户无论是主动被动贡献数据，并不意味着平台就可以肆无忌惮采集数据。涂子沛指出，数据要经过授权才可以搜集、使用，平台搜集了用户数据，起码这个数据归平台，同时也应该归用户，理论上是二者共有。
A user, whether active or passively contributing data, does not mean that the platform is free to collect data. The coating suggests that data can be collected and used only if authorized, and that the platform collects user data, at least for the platform, which should also be shared by the user, theoretically.
有了数据，还需要推动共享才能激活要素潜力。涂子沛建议，通过隐私计算实现数据“可用不可见、可用不可得”。最终数据交易的不是所有权的转换，而是使用权的转换。
When data are available, it is also necessary to promote sharing in order to activate the potential of the elements. It is recommended that data be “unavailable and not available” through privacy calculations. The ultimate data transaction is not the conversion of ownership, but the conversion of rights of use.
“如果数据是新的土壤，那么开放的数据就是河流，河流流经的地方才会有新的文明。”最后，涂子沛如是说。
“If the data are new soil, the open data are rivers, where the rivers flow, there is a new civilization.” And finally, the paint is good.
【记者】郜小平
Xiaoping.
【摄影】张迪
[Photo] Zhang Di.
【出品】南方产业智库
Industrial think tank of the South.
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