数字货币简称为DC，是英文“Digital Currency”（数字货币）的缩写，是电子货币形式的替代货币。数字金币和密码货币都属于数字货币。
The figure , which is an acronym for the English “Digital Court” (digital currency), is 欧洲银行业管理局将虚拟货币定义为：价值的数字化表示，不由央行或当局发行，也不与法币挂钩，但由于被公众所接受，所以可作为支付手段，也可以电子形式转移、存储或交易。
Digital currency is an unregulated, digitized currency that is usually issued and administered by developers and accepted and used by members of a particular virtual community. The European Bank Administration of defines virtual currency as a digitized expression of value that is not central bank or authority, and is not linked to French currency, but can be transferred, stored or traded electronically, either as a means of payment, because it is accepted by the public.
数字货币可以认为是一种基于节点网络和数字加密算法的虚拟货币。数字货币的核心特征主要体现了三个方面：
Digital currencies can be considered to be a virtual currency based on node networks and digital encryption algorithms. The core features of digital currencies are essentially three:
①由于来自于某些开放的算法，数字货币没有发行主体，因此没有任何人或机构能够控制它的发行；
1 No person or institution can control the issuance of digital money because it is derived from certain open algorithms and there is no issuer;
②由于算法解的数量确定，所以数字货币的总量固定，这从根本上消除了虚拟货币滥发导致通货膨胀的可能；
2 The fixation of the total amount of the digital currency as a result of the quantitative determination of the algorithm, which essentially eliminates the possibility of inflation resulting from the abuse of the virtual currency;
③由于交易过程需要网络中的各个节点的认可，因此数字货币的交易过程足够安全。
Since the transaction process requires the endorsement of the various nodes in the network, the digital currency transaction process is sufficiently secure.
比特币的出现对已有的货币体系提出了一个巨大挑战。虽然它属于广义的虚拟货币，但却与网络企业发行的虚拟货币有着本质区别，因此称它为数字货币。从发行主体、适用范围、发行数量、储存形式、流通方式、信用保障、交易成本、交易安全等方面将数字货币与电子货币和虚拟货币进行了对比。
The advent of Bitcoin poses a major challenge to the existing monetary system. Although it is a broadly-based virtual currency, it is fundamentally different from virtual money issued by cyber-enterprises, so it is called a digital currency.
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