共识机制是什么意思？众所周知，区块链在各个领域都有着重要的作用，马云甚至说过区块链是未来三大技术之一，区块链拥有如此重要地位，主要是区块链有着去中心化、不可篡改、保证数据安全性等特点，而这些特点的形成，共识机制发挥了至关重要的作用。那么，共识机制是什么意思?接下来币圈子小编就来给大家揭秘什么是共识机制?
What does the mechanism of consensus mean? As you know, the chain of blocks plays an important role in all fields, Ma Yun even said that the chain of blocks is one of the three technologies that lies ahead, and that the chain of blocks has such an important status, mainly because of the fact that the chain of blocks has the characteristics of decentralizing, irreproachable, data security, etc. The mechanism of consensus plays a crucial role. So what does the mechanism of consensus mean?
区块链技术是去中心化分布式的P2P系统，节点是各处分散且平行的，所以必须设计一套制度，来维护系统的运作的顺序和公平性，统一区块链的版本，并奖励提供资源维护区块链的使用者，以及惩罚恶意的危害者，这个制度就是共识机制。
The block chain technology is a decentralized, distributed P2P system, and the nodes are fragmented and parallel, so it is necessary to design a system that preserves the sequence and fairness of the system's operations, harmonizes the version of the block chain and rewards users who provide resources to maintain the block chain, as well as penalizes malicious perpetrators.
今天币圈子小编用一个非常形象的描述，方便大家理解共识机制的定义。读书的时候，每个人都经历过班花的选举，可以说班花是班级里所有同学心目中最好看的女孩子，那能够称为班花的女孩子，一般都是大家公认的或者选举出来的，也就是说班花是受到班里人的认可的，所以确认班花是谁的过程，就是共识机制产生的过程。
Today's currency circles are described in a very visual way to make it easier for everyone to understand the definition of a consensus mechanism. When everyone goes through a class flower election, it can be said that a class flower is the best-looking girl in a class, a girl who can be referred to as a class flower and is generally recognized or elected, that is to say, a class flower is endorsed by the class, so the process of identifying the class flower is the process of creating a consensus mechanism.
所以区块链技术的核心是在没有中心控制的情况下，在互相没有信任基础的个体之间就交易的合法性等达成共识的共识机制。
The core of block chain technology is therefore a consensus-building mechanism among individuals who have no basis for trust in each other, such as the legality of transactions, without central control.
目前区块链主流的有三种共识算法，分别是POW(工作量证明)、POS(股权证明)、DPOS(委托权益证明)。他们的典型代表分别是BTC(比特币)、ETH(以太坊)、EOS(柚子) 。
There are currently three consensus algorithms that mainstream the block chain: POW (Certificate of Work), POS (Certificate of Equity), DOS (Certificate of Trust). Their typical representatives are BTC (Bitcoin), ETH (Etheria) and EOS (Crugs).
1.POW(Proof of Work)工作量证明
1. Proof of Work
POW简单的来说就是你出具一份计算结果，而这个结果的获取需要经过大量的工作，但是却很容易被验证。一个符合要求的区块 Hash由N个前导零构成，零的个数取决于网络的难度值。要得到合理的Block Hash需要经过大量尝试计算，计算时间取决于机器的哈希运算速度。当某个节点提供出一个合理的Block Hash值，说明该节点确实经过了大量的尝试计算。当节点拥有占全网n%的算力时，该节点即有n/100的概率找到Block Hash。
PoW simply says that you produce a calculation, which requires a lot of work, but is easily validated. A fulfilling block, Hash, consists of N-guided zero, with zero numbers dependent on the network’s difficulty values. For reasonable Block Hash, a lot of effort is needed to calculate the calculation time depending on the machine’s Hashi rate. When a node provides a reasonable Block Hash value, it shows that the node actually has a lot of attempt to calculate. When the node has a full net n% of the calculation, the node has a probability of finding Block Hash at n/100.
优点：完全去中心化，节点自由进出;
Advantages: complete decentralisation and free access to nodes;
缺点：目前bitcoin已经吸引全球大部分的算力，其它再用Pow共识机制的区块链应用很难获得相同的算力来保障自身的安全;挖矿造成大量的资源浪费;共识达成的周期较长，不适合商业应用。
Weaknesses: Bitcoin is now attracting most of the global computing power, while other block chains using the Pow Consensus mechanism have difficulty obtaining the same computing power to guarantee its own security; mining has resulted in a significant waste of resources; consensus is reached over a long period of time and is not suitable for commercial applications.
2.POS(Proof of Stake)股权证明
Certificate of Proof of Stock
股权证明被部分人认为它是一种富者更富，穷者更穷的模式。这种模式会根据你持有数字货币的量和时间，分配给你相应的权益。
Equity has proved to be seen by some as a model of wealthier and poorer people. This model is allocated to you according to the amount and time you hold digital money.
简单来说，就是一个根据你持有货币的量和时间，给你发权益的一个制度，在股权证明POS模式下，有一个名词叫币龄，每个币每天产生1币龄，比如你持有100个币，总共持有了30天，那么，此时你的币龄就为3000.
Simply put, it's a system that gives you an interest based on the amount and time of the money you hold. Under the POS model, there's a term called currency age, one currency a day, for example, you hold 100 coins, you hold a total of 30 days, then you're 30 million.
POS的优势在于不会造成电力浪费，同时更难造成51%攻击。因为想要进行51%攻击的话，你得拥有51%的货币，当你拥有51%的币的时候，你还会傻到去攻击它吗?当然不会。
The advantage of POS is that it doesn't waste electricity, and it's harder to do 51% of the attack. Because to do 51% of the attack, you have to have 51% of the money, and if you have 51% of the money, will you be stupid enough to attack it? Of course not.
优点：在一定程度上缩短了共识达成的时间
Advantages: a certain reduction in the time taken to reach consensus
缺点：还是需要挖矿，本质上没有解决商业应用的痛点
Deficiencies: The need to dig, which in essence does not address the pains of commercial applications
3.DPOS(Delegated Proof of Stake)委任权益证明
3. DPAS (Delegated Proof of Stark) Certification of Assignment of Interests
DPOS有点像是议会制度或人民代表大会制度,它让每一个持有权益的人进行投票，由此产生一群代表，我们可以理解为超级节点。现在EOS的21个超级节点就是这样意思。这些节点作为新区块的创建，验证，签名和互相监督。
It's kind of like a parliamentary system or a people's assembly system, which allows everyone with an interest to vote, which gives rise to a group of representatives that we can understand as supernodes. That's what the 21 EOS supernodes now mean. These nodes are created as new blocks, validated, signed and monitored.
优点：不需要被整个网络所有节点做确认，大幅缩小参与验证和记账节点的数量，可以达到秒级的共识验证
Advantages: All nodes of the network need not be identified and the number of participating validation and booking nodes can be significantly reduced to a second-class consensus validation
缺点：整个共识机制还是依赖于代币，很多商业应用是不需要代币存在的。
Weaknesses: The consensus mechanism as a whole is still dependent on a token, and many commercial applications do not require the existence of a token.
共识机制是什么意思？通过以上介绍，相信大家对于共识机制有所了解，其实共识机制就是维护系统的运作顺序和公平性的制度，通过特殊节点的投票来完成交易的验证和确认，也就是说，在投资者提交交易的时候，特殊节点都确认是合法的交易，那么，这笔交易就会通过，从而进入交易下一步。如果想要了解跟股东相关问题，可以关注币圈子，币圈子会持续更新相关报道！
What does the consensus mechanism mean? Through the above presentation, we believe that there is some understanding of the consensus mechanism, which is a system that preserves the order and fairness of the system's operations, and that completes the validation and confirmation of transactions by voting on special nodes, which means that when investors submit transactions, special nodes confirm that they are legal, then the deal will pass and enter the next step of the transaction. If you want to know about shareholder-related issues, you can focus on the currency circle, which will keep the story up to date.
注册有任何问题请添加 微信：MVIP619 拉你进入群
打开微信扫一扫
添加客服
进入交流群
发表评论