文/王永菲
Man/Wang Yongfei
2021年4月16日下午，BTC.com数据显示，24小时比特币矿池算力普遍出现暴跌，截至发文，F2Pool下跌15.59%，蚂蚁矿池下跌20.71％，BTC .com下跌20.95％，币印跌36.81％，并且下跌幅度有扩大的趋势。据了解，大型比特币矿池全线暴跌，原因与新疆进行全面停电安全检查有关。
On the afternoon of 16 April 2021, BTC.com data showed that 24-hour Bitcoin ponds were generally collapsing, with F2Pool falling by 15.59%, ant ponds falling by 20.71%, BTC.com by 20.95%, and currency by 36.81%, with an increasing trend. It is known that the large Bitcoin ponds have collapsed across the line for reasons related to a comprehensive power outage safety check at Xinjiang.
在正常情况下，近一天全网平均算力为163.66EH/s，据业内专业人士估计，由于BTC浏览器对当下矿池算力暴跌反应还不够及时，目前全网平均算力大概在130EH/s左右。
Under normal circumstances, the total net capacity has averaged 163.66 EH/s over the past day, and industry professionals estimate that, as the response of the BTC browser to the current collapse of the mine pool is not timely, the average net capacity is currently around 130 EH/s.
煤矿大型安全事故现状
Status of large-scale safety incidents in coal mines
4月10日18时10分许，新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县雀尔沟镇丰源煤矿矿井在技术改造过程中，突发透水事故，导致井下断电、通讯中断。据央视新闻报道，事故发生时当班井下29人，已安全升井8人，21人被困。昌吉回族自治州卫健委主任孟宪民介绍，安全升井的8人并未受伤，身体状况正常，目前21名被困人员位置都已基本确定，21人分布在3个位置。其中12人位于其中一处作业平台，另外8人同处一处作业平台，另有1人进入避险通道，但避险通道中有水进入，暂无更详细情况。12人所处的作业平台距离地面有1200米，且井下地形复杂，救援难度较大。井下通讯、电力仍处于中断状态，救援工作仍在全力展开。
At around 1810 hours on 10 April, in the course of the technical rehabilitation of the mining wells in the town of Carrow Trench, Hutsugu commune, Xinjiang Autonomous Oblast, there was a break-in of water, resulting in a blackout of electricity and communications. According to press reports, 29 people were in the well below the banh at the time of the accident, 8 people were safely raised and 21 people were trapped. The Chief of the Health Care Commission of the Changji Autonomous Oblast was told that 8 people had not been injured and were in normal physical condition. The position of 21 people currently trapped was largely determined, with 21 people in 3 locations. 12 of them were located on one of the operating platforms, 8 others were in the same operating platform and 1 was in the safe passage, but there was no more detailed access to water. 12 people were in the operating platform at a distance of 1,200 metres from the ground and the terrain of the wells was complicated, and relief efforts were still under way.
据央视新闻报道，事故发生后，自治区党委和政府高度重视，自治区党委书记陈全国、自治区主席雪克来提·扎克尔迅速作出安排，要求立即启动应急预案，把救人放在第一位，争分夺秒抢救被困人员，最大限度减少人员伤亡，并第一时间赶赴现场，指挥救援工作。陈全国、雪克来提·扎克尔强调，要不惜一切代价，千方百计打通救援通道，全力营救被困人员；成立救援指挥部，统一协调指挥，坚持科学救援，严防次生事故；迅速查明事故原因，举一反三，对全区煤矿、非煤矿山逐一深入开展安全隐患排查整治。
According to press reports, after the accident, the Autonomous Party Committee and the Government attached great importance to the situation, and the Autonomous Party Committee Secretary Chen and the Chairman of the Autonomous Region, Shekleti Zakl, made rapid arrangements for the immediate start of the emergency plan, for the rescue of the people in need to be put first, for the time being, and for the casualties to be saved to be reduced to a minimum, and for the first time to be on the scene, to direct the rescue effort. Chen, Shekleti Zakl, stressed that every effort should be made to provide access to rescue routes and to rescue those in need at all costs.
目前，应急管理部派出工作组和专家已赶赴现场指导救援。同时，调派国家矿山新疆队、国家矿山应急救援神华新疆队和当地消防救援队伍赶往现场救援，全力开展救援工作，各项救援处置工作正在紧张有序进行。
Currently, teams and experts from the Department of Emergency Management are on the ground to guide the rescue. At the same time, the National Mine Team, the National Mine Emergency and Rescue Unit and the local fire rescue team are on the ground to rescue and to do their utmost.
安全检查停电导致新疆挖矿受较大影响
Power outages leading to greater impact on mining in Xinjiang
根据新疆自治区政府要求，目前要迅速查明事故原因，举一反三，对全区煤矿、非煤矿山逐一深入开展安全隐患排查整治。
At the request of the Government of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, the cause of the accident is now to be quickly identified, and each of the coal and non-coal mines in Xinjiang region is to be dealt with in depth.
据当地某企业发布公告显示：现接自治区政府准东管委会通知，由于呼壁煤矿发生大型安全事故，现准东区域所有大数据停电配合排查安全隐患。停电时间2021年4月16日12:00，恢复时间另行通知。
According to a communiqué issued by a local enterprise, the Government of the Autonomous Region has now notified the Government of the Autonomous Region of a major safety accident at the mine.
据云算力挖矿企业比特富富公告，应发改委要求，BitFuFu合作的【军械师】旗下的「新疆准东矿场」于4月16日8:00停电整改，BitFuFu正逐步将算力切换至其他矿场。对于受此次整改要求断电的算力，BitFuFu将为受影响的套餐按照 1:1 比例进行挖矿时间顺延，即断电1小时，挖矿时间顺延1小时。顺延补偿将于断电恢复后自动添加至您的账户，顺延部分无需支付电费。
According to the announcement by Bitfufufu, a cloud mining company, at the Commission’s request, the Xinjiang Kandong mine under the banner of BitFufu’s [Armist] partner was powered off on 16 April at 0800 hours, and BitFufu is gradually switching its computing power to other mines. For the calculation of the power outages required by this modification, BitFufu will delay the recovery of the affected package at a scale of 1:1 hours, i.e., one hour of power outage, and one hour of mining time. This delay will automatically be added to your account after the power outages have been restored, and no electricity will be paid for the portion of the delay.
业内人士表示，算力暴跌对未受到影响的矿场以及矿机持有者来说，理论上收益会大幅上涨。因为矿池算力就像一块大蛋糕，分蛋糕的人少了，正在挖矿的机器的单T收益自然会上升。据BTC.com数据，截至发文，块收益有不断上升趋势，最高达到8.47158432 BTC。但是新疆部署矿场的企业停止挖矿影响还是很大的，据了解，许多矿机散户持有者目前有计划卖掉新疆矿场的矿机。
According to industry sources, the theoretical gains will increase significantly for unaffected mines and mine-holders. Because the pool counts like a big cake, there will be fewer splits, and the single T gains from machines digging up the mine will rise. According to BTC.com, there is a rising trend in revenue up to the date of the submission, reaching a maximum of 8.47158432 BTC. However, the impact of the cessation of mining by Xinjiang deployment companies is still significant, and it is known that many mine-disposal owners are currently planning to sell Xinjiang mine machines.
业内人士向华夏时报金融研究院研究员解释，新疆目前大多还是火电挖矿，本次算力暴跌并不是受到类似于内蒙古的政府禁令或者“碳中和”影响造成的。可以看出，目前还是有很多矿池企业的矿场部署在新疆。不过此次算力暴跌对于比特币等加密货币的价格影响不是很大，应该会有小幅下调，但是整体影响不大，因为这波牛市行情主要是受到大机构入场后由共识推动的价格上涨。截至发文，比特币价格为61718美元，下跌1.58%。
Industry sources have explained to researchers at the summer newspaper Institute of Financial Studies that Xinjiang is still mostly a fire- and electric-mining mine, and that the fall in power is not due to government bans or “carbon neutralization” similar to those in Mongolia. It can be seen that there are still a number of ponds located in Xinjiang.
根据2020年数字资产管理公司CoinShares的一份报告，中国的比特币矿工控制着三分之二的全球算力，大概为66%，仅四川就占据54%；报告提到，中国份额的增长可能是由于部署了更多更先进的挖矿设备以及矿工的盈利能力有所提升。
According to a 2020 report by CoinShares, Chinese miners in Bitcoin control about two thirds of global computing, about 66 per cent, and Sichuan alone, 54 per cent; the report mentions that the increase in China's share may be due to the deployment of more and more advanced mining equipment and an increase in the profitability of miners.
比特币算力主要来自于一些电费便宜的地区，我国的四川、云南、内蒙古等地区成为比特币算力的主要来源。四川、新疆、贵州等地的政府政策以及突发事件会极大程度上影响到全球矿业发展以及算力大小。如2019年9月24日，四川省人民政府发布通知，深入治理网络乱象、网络安全漏洞。在这次治理活动中，互联网信息服务单位、区块链运营企业成为执法检查的重点对象，政策发布后，比特币网络的哈希率从9800万TH/S下降至5770万TH/S，下降幅度高达40%。
For example, on 24 September 2019, the Sichuan People’s Government issued a circular to further address the network’s disturbances and security gaps. In this governance exercise, Internet information service units, sector chains, and businesses have been the main focus of law enforcement inspections, and, following the issuance of the policy, the Hashi ratio of the Bitcoin network has fallen from 98 million TH/S to 57.7 million TH/S.
（作者为华夏时报金融研究院研究员）
He's a researcher at the Warsaw Times Financial Research Institute.
责任编辑：孟俊莲 主编：冉学东
Responsible Editor: Mon Jun-Lian, Editor-in-Chief: Peng Xiaodong
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