在之前的《玩转Filecoin，飞狐浏览器数据你必须会看》一文当中，我们只是简单的介绍了首页数据的含义，并没有进行一些深层次的讨论。但这对于想要深入研究Filecoin数据的伙伴来说略显肤浅，所以接下来AK会深入探讨一些数据在经济模型中的基本概念及计算逻辑，毕竟有些数据深挖一下还是非常有趣的，很值得研究。
In the previous article, Filecoin, you must read the Flying Fox Browser data, we simply described the meaning of the data on the first page, and did not engage in some in-depth discussion. But it was a little superficial for the partners who wanted to study the Filecoin data, so AK would go into some of the basic concepts and computational logic of the data in the economic model, and some of the data would be very interesting and worthwhile to study.
近期#Gas费暴涨#可以说是Filecoin中热搜前三的话题了
The recent surge in #Gas fees > #/strong > can be said to be the subject of Filecoin's hot search for the first three.
所以我们就先来聊聊GAS费这一数据的具体含义是什么？以及它是如何计算的，顺便简单探讨一下它暴涨的原因。
So let's start with what is the exact meaning of the GAS fee data ? And how it calculates , and, by the way, how it strong .
先来回顾一下当前基础费率的概念
Let's review the concept of the current base rate.
当前基础费率：根据官方的经济模型，链上的每一条消息被打包的时候都要付给矿工一定的费用，这个费用就是GAS费，而基础费率则是Gas中的Base Fee。
#Gas费到底是什么？它是如何由来的？
What the hell is Gasfee? How did it come from?
Gas翻译过来是煤气、天然气，气体燃料。而Gas费是ETH生态中诞生的一种交易费，主要用于表示一个操作所需要计算工作量，也可理解为一个操作所需要缴纳的手续费。
Gas translates into gas, gas, gas, and gas fuels. Gas fees are a transactional cost that emerges from the ETH ecology, mainly to indicate the amount of work that an operation would need to calculate, and can be understood as a handling fee for an operation.
在ETH上发送token、执行合约、转移币或做其他事情时，需要进行一定量的计算，计算过程要消耗网络资源，同时需要矿工对消息进行处理，为所消耗的资源和矿工动作所支付的费用就是Gas费，只有支付了这笔费用计算机和矿工才会处理交易。
When sending token on ETH, executing contracts, transferring currency or doing other things, a certain amount of calculation is required, the calculation process is to consume network resources, and the miners are required to process the information. The cost of
简单来说如果你需要搬家，这时候你需要支付一笔费用让搬家公司帮忙，这笔费用包含搬家工人（矿工处理）和车辆损耗+燃油费用（网络资源消耗+计算机计算），这个费用就是Gas费。
Simply put, if you need to move, then you need to pay a fee to get help from the moving company, which includes moving workers (miners handling) and vehicle wear and tear + fuel costs (network resource consumption + computer computing), which is Gas.
#Filecoin中的Gas费与ETH中的有何区别？
What's the difference between Gas Fee in #Filecoin and ETH?
对于Filecoin来说，Filecoin中的Gas费其实和ETH一样，完全借鉴了ETH EIP1559，即基础费用+小费的结构。基础费用会被销毁矿工无法获得，小费则是打包消息的奖励，进入矿工的腰包。
For Filecoin, Gas fees in Filecoin are exactly the same as ETH, drawing entirely on ETH EIP1559, the base fee + the tip structure . The base fee is not available to destroy miners, and the tip is a reward for wrapping up information and entering the miners' waist bag.
同时他们的作用也是一样的：保证矿工与用户交易正常；提高恶意交易门槛；给予矿工打包奖励；维护Filecoin网络生态环境运转。
At the same time, their roles are the same: to ensure normal transactions between miners and users; to raise the threshold for malicious transactions; to provide incentives for miners to pack; and to maintain the ecological environment of the Filecoin network.
#Gas费如何计算？
How do you calculate the cost of #Gas?
图1 2020-12-09 10:48:00消息
Figure 1 2020-12-09 10:48:00 News
我们先来看一下飞狐浏览器（Filfox.info）上所呈现的消息详情，在Gas费这一部分显示了Gas Fee Cap、Gas Premium、Gas Limit、Gas Used、Base Fee五个数据，先来简单解释一下这五个数据的含义。
Let us first look at the details of the information presented on the Flying Fox Browser (Filfox.info), which in the part of Gasfe shows five data: Gas Fee Cap, Gas Premium, Gas Limit, Gas Used, Base Fee.
Gas Fee Cap：直译过来是燃气费上限，官方网解释为用户愿意支付的最高手续费，就是为了这条消息被打包上链用户愿意支付小费的最高额度，这个最高是没有上线的，而最低是由Gas Fee Cap乘以Gas Limit的最低余额所决定的，单位是attoFIL/GasUnit。
Gas Premium：直译过来是燃气费溢价，官网解释为用户选择支付给矿工的手续费率，也就是小费，单位是attoFIL / GasUnit 并且这笔费用可以低至 1 attoFIL / GasUnit。Gas Limit：直译过来是燃气费限制，官网解释为该笔交易能消耗的最大Gas费，这个一般是由用户来自定的，但是最高不可以超过Block Gas Limit。
Gas Used：直译过来是燃气费使用量，官网解释为完成这笔交易消耗的实际Gas费，没什么好说的，字面意思。
Gas Used: translates directly into gas use, and the Network interprets the actual Gas cost of completing the transaction as not much to say, literally.
Base Fee：直译过来是基本费用，官网解释为根据区块链网络拥堵状况实时更新的基础手续费率，这个费率是根据公式和上一区块所用的Gas和Gas limit来决定的，是一个价格区间，不是固定值，?单位是attoFIL / GasUnit 。
这五个数据中Gas Fee Cap、Gas Limit、Gas Used这三个是限制数据，用来保证Gas费的浮动区间，维持生态环境稳定，而Gas Premium、Base Fee则是与矿工所实际支付的Gas费用息息相关。 Of these five data, 所以简单来说可以得出： so simple it can be said: Gas交易费=Gas Premium + Gas Used＊Base Fee=Minert Fee+Burn Fee 即 i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i Gas交易费用=小费+基础费用=矿工手续费+销毁手续费 Gas transaction costs = tip + base costs = miners' fees + destruction fees 我们用图1中的数据计算可以得到 We use the data in figure 1 to calculate it. Gas交易费用 Gas transaction costs #一个密封扇区的具体手续费如何计算？ How do you calculate the specific charges for a sealed sector? Filecoin现有的挖矿机制决定了每个扇区在完成密封过程中有两条消息上链，分别是：PreCommitSector（递交扇区信息）、ProveCommitSector（时空证明扇区信息）。 The existing mining mechanisms in Filecoin determine that each sector has two links of information during the sealing process: PreCommitSector (transmit sector information) and ProveCommitSector (time and space evidence sector information). 所以，扇区密封的Gas费用=PreCommitSector手续费+ProveCommitSector手续费。 So, sector sealed Gas fee = PreCommitSector handling fee + ProveCommitSector handling fee. 我们通过飞狐浏览器可以查找到最近24小时PreCommitSector和ProveCommitSector平均手续费。 We can find the average fees for PreCommitSector and ProveCommitSector for the last 24 hours through the Flying Fox Browser. 图2 2020年12月9日 11:43数据 Figure 2 Data as at 9 December 2020 11:43 选取图2数据来看一下： Select figure 2 data to take a look at: PreCommitSector手续费为0.0661 FIL PreCommitSector charges at 0.0661 FIL ProveCommitSector手续费为0.1751 FIL ProveCommittee charge of 0.1751 FIL 则密封一个扇区总消耗手续费为 The total consumption fee for sealing a sector is as follows: PreCommitSector手续费*ProveCommitSector手续费 PreCommitSector handling fee*ProveCommitSector handling fee =0.0661*0.1751=0.0116FIL。 即密封1T的算力，所需手续费总费用为0.0116×32=0.03712FIL。 That is, the ability to seal 1T requires a total cost of 0.0116 x 32 = 0.03712 FIL. #Gas费近期暴涨的原因？ Why the recent surge in Gas fees? 近期全网算力增量，扇区封装量呈明显上升趋势，消息池消息过多造成阻塞。而Gas费的结构是基础费用+小费的形式，目前来说每区块的基础费用是固定不变的由公式和上一区块所用的Gas和Gas limit来决定，小费部分却是人为决定的，用户为了让自己的消息被尽快打包提升小费价格，这样整个区块的基础费率增高，而下一区块的基础费率又是根据上一区块价格所决定，以此类推Gas费必然持续性增长。 The recent increase in full-network computing, a marked upward trend in sector envelopes, and too many sources of information have blocked the flow. Gas fees are structured in the form of base fees plus tips, the base costs for each block are currently fixed by formulas and Gas limit used in the previous block, the tips are artificially determined, and users increase the price of tips as quickly as possible in order to allow their news to be packaged, thus raising the base rate for the block as a whole, while the base rate for the next block is determined by the price of the previous block, and there is a consistent increase in the fees for each block. 就如同在恶劣天气打车，一个区域的车辆和每公里基础单价是恒定不变的，但是如果有人给予司机一定量的小费必将享受优先乘车权，大家为了优先打到车快点回家只能不断提高小费价格，从而造成整体打车费暴涨。 As in the case of driving in bad weather, vehicles in a region and basic unit prices per kilometre are constant, but if a driver is given a certain amount of tips, priority will be given to the right to take the car, and the cost of driving home quickly will have to be constantly raised in order to make it a priority, resulting in a sharp increase in the overall cost of driving. 目前 Filecoin 上的SubmitWindowedPoSt等消息必须在一个相对较短的时间内被打包上链，否则就会产生惩罚，Gas费上涨后大矿工在一定程度上进行了垄断，而小矿工只能被迫支付高额费用，而基于经济模型若官方不进行一定的调控或者大矿工不进行调整Gas费用只会不断上涨，到时只能得到两败俱伤的结局，希望大矿工们可以团结起来进行调整或者Filecoin官方团队接下进行一定优化减少链上消息Gas费用的不必要损耗，共同协作将网络发展到更好的方向。 At present, information such as SubmitWindowedPost on Filecoin must be packed up in a relatively short period of time, otherwise punishment would be imposed. Large miners have been monopolized to some extent by the increase in Gas fees, while small miners are forced to pay high fees, while economic models will only increase if there is no official regulation or big miners will not adjust Gas costs, and the result will only be a two-fold failure, and it is hoped that the big miners will be able to work together or with the official team in Filecoin to optimize the unnecessary cost of reducing chain information Gas and work together to move the network to a better direction.
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