近期，Facebook把自己公司更名为Meta（元），上了一波热搜；而前段时间国内的阿里腾讯，国外的谷歌等巨头纷纷宣布入局元宇宙；行业“冥”灯罗永浩也宣布要入局元宇宙，这个词汇出现的越来越频繁，而未来会更频繁。
Recently, Facebook changed its name to Meta and went on a wave of hot searches; earlier in the year, Alitten, and other giants, such as Google, from abroad, announced their entry into the Senate universe; and the industrial “breathing” light, Lo Young-ho, announced its entry into the Senate universe, a term that is becoming more frequent and more frequent in the future.
那么“元宇宙”究竟是什么呢？
So, what's the Woncosmos?
什么是“元宇宙”，1000个人眼里有1000个“元宇宙”。
What's a dollar universe? There's a thousand dollars in 1,000 people's eyes.
不同的媒体、公司、个人等，对“元宇宙”都有着自己的理解：
Different media, companies, individuals, etc. have their own understanding of the meta-cosmos:
有的人认为“元宇宙”代表着人类文明的未来；而还有些人觉得“元宇宙”代表着虚拟世界的“躺平”，是个“邪恶”的东西，Elon Musk的冲向太空，才是人类文明的未来.....
Some people think that the "won cosmos" represents the future of human civilization, while others think that the "won cosmos" represents the "silence" of the virtual world, and that the "evil" thing, Elon Musk's rush to space, is the future of human civilization...
而在这两种观点之间，还有一种观点：“元宇宙”和互联网一样，本身是不带任何属性的，重点还是看我们如何使用它。
And between these two views, there is also the view that, like the Internet, the meta-cosmos is by itself free of any attributes, with the focus being on how we use it.
要探讨什么是“元宇宙”，我们需要探索人类需求的本源。
To explore what is called the metaspace, we need to explore the origins of human needs.
首先，我们从影视文学中的元宇宙的角度来挖掘一下：
First of all, we dig from the perspective of the meta-cosm of the film literature at :
《雪崩》
Avalanche
对于元宇宙的解释，目前公认翻译自1992年斯蒂芬森科幻小说《雪崩》中“Metaverse”（也译为超元域）一词。元宇宙简单来说，就是现实世界中的所有人和事都被数字化投射在了这个网络云端世界里，你可以在这个世界里做任何你在真实世界中可以做的事情。与此同时，你还可能做你在真实世界里做不到的事情。
For the interpretation of the meta-cosm, it is now accepted that the word "Metaverse" has been translated from the 1992 Stephenson science fiction "Avalanche". The meta-cosm is simply that all people and things in the real world are digitally projected in this networked cloud world, where you can do whatever you can in the real world.
《庄周梦蝶》
/strang'
而在中国2300多年前的百家争鸣时代，庄子梦到了自己变成了蝴蝶在翩翩飞舞，醒来之后不知身在何处，就产生了这样的思考：到底是庄子变成了蝴蝶，还是蝴蝶变成了庄子呢？哪个才是真是的存在？还有《枕中记》一书中的“黄粱一梦”等成语也是类似的哲思探索。
And in China, more than 2300 years ago, in a century of bickering, the Banker dreamt that he had become a butterfly dancing and that he did not know where he was when he woke up and wondered whether it had turned into a butterfly or whether it had become a butterfly. Which was really there?
《星球大战》
Star Wars
在《星球大战》中我们看到具备三维全息投影功能的R2D2机器人；以及目前在游戏玩家中很流行的玩意儿：由一个全视角显示头盔和一套感应服构成，感应服可以使玩家从肉体上感觉到游戏中的击打、刀刺和火烧，能产生出酷热和严寒，甚至还能逼真地模拟出身体暴露在风雪中的感觉。在《三体》改编的同名游戏中提到，汪淼走到她后面，由于游戏是在头盔中以全视角方式显示的，在显示器上什么都看不到。
In Star Wars, we saw R2D2 robots with a three-dimensional hologram feature; and something that is now popular in the playhouse: a full-scope display of helmets and a set of induction suits, which allow players to feel physically struck, stabbed and burned in the game, generate heat and cold, and even make a true simulation of their body being exposed in the snow and snow. It is mentioned in the triple-recorded homogenous game that Wang Qing walked behind her, and since the game was shown in the helmet in a holistic way, nothing could be seen on the display.
《王牌特工》
Ace Agent >/strong
在美国影视剧《王牌特工》中，当你带上王牌特工的专属AR眼镜，其他与会人哪怕身在不同国家地区，都能就在身边一样，开一个全息会议。
In the American film "Ace Agent ", when you bring the exclusive AR glasses of the Ace Agent, the rest of the participants, even in different parts of the country, can have a holographic meeting around them.
《阿凡达》
"Avanda"
在《阿凡达》影视剧中，科学家尝试将人类DNA和纳威人的DNA结合在一起，制造出一个克隆纳威人。而最神奇的地方在于克隆纳威人可以让人类的意识入驻其中，从而成为人类在这个星球上活动的“化身”（Avatar）。
In the Avanda film, scientists tried to combine the DNA of humans with the DNA of the Nevilles, creating a cloned Neville. And the most amazing thing was that the cloned Nevilles could put human consciousness in it, and thus become the “incarnation” of human activity on the planet.
《黑镜》
The Black Mirror > /strong
在《黑镜》第二季第一集当中，名为“Be Right Back·马上回来”，讲述了一对情侣Martha和Ash搬去了Ash父母居住的远离尘嚣的小镇生活，但是社交网络狂人Ash却在归还搬家租赁的货车时死于非命。在Ash的葬礼上，Martha的朋友Sarah告诉了她一种和死去的人建立联系的新方法，就是用Ash在社交网络中留下的所有信息、状态，更新和Like，Martha可以创造出一个新的“真”Ash，从而帮助她减轻伤痛。
In the first episode of the second season of Black Mirror, called “Be Right Back Soon”, a couple of couples, Martha and Ash, moved to live in a small town away from dust, where Ash's parents lived, but social network man, Ash, died when returning his rented van. At Ash's funeral, Martha's friend Sarah told her a new way to connect with the dead, which was to use Ash for all the information, state, and update and Like, Martha, to create a new “real” Ash to help her alleviate her pain.
《刀剑神域》
在《刀剑神域》中，当你带上脑机接口设备时，你在游戏中死亡，那么在现实中也将死亡。
In Sword Field, you die in the game when you wear a brain interface device, and you die in reality.
《太空堡垒》
Space Fortress >/strang >
《太空堡垒》有3个非常了不起的设定：
"The Fortress of Space" has three very remarkable settings:
1、全息眼镜Holoband和虚拟paradise
1. Holoband and Virtual Paradise
2、意识上传到云端
2. Conscious upload to clouds
3、意识下载到机器人的身体中，成为第一代具备真正“智慧”的机器人
3. Consciously downloads into the body of a robot and becomes the first generation of robots with a true "intellectual"
《头号玩家》
The number one player
2045年，处于混乱和崩溃边缘的现实世界令人失望，人们将救赎的希望寄托于“绿洲”，一个由鬼才詹姆斯·哈利迪一手打造的虚拟游戏世界。人们只要戴上VR设备，就可以进入这个与现实世界形成强烈反差的虚拟世界。在这个世界中，有繁华的都市，形象各异、光彩照人的玩家，而不同次元的影视游戏中的经典角色也可以在这里齐聚。就算你在现实中是一个挣扎在社会边缘的失败者，在“绿洲”里也依然可以成为超级英雄，再遥远的梦想都变得触手可及。
In 2045, the real world on the brink of chaos and collapse was disappointing, and hope for salvation was placed in the Oasis, a virtual game world built by a ghost, James Halliday. With VR devices, people can enter this virtual world, which is a strong contrast to the real world.
《失控玩家》
Uncontrollable Player >/strong
今年上映的一个新的影视剧。其中的主角以为自己是生活的主角，其实只不是这个世界的一个NPC，这个舞台上的提线木偶。
This year's new movie. The protagonist thinks he's the main actor in life, not just one of the world's NPCs, the puppets on the stage.
《UPLOAD》
《UPLOAD》中的精彩设定：
A wonderful set in UPLOAD:
1、死前将意识上传到虚拟天堂
One, upload consciousness to virtual paradise before death.
2、死后的世界也有2G和5G之分
The world after death has two Gs and five Gs.
3、死后通过全息方式参加自己的葬礼
3. After death, attend his funeral in a hologram.
《黑客帝国》
The Hacking Empire > /strang >
未来的人类生活在机器人所制造的矩阵（Matrix）虚拟世界中，而机器人则得以从人体获取所需的生物能源。但生活在虚拟世界中的人类丝毫没有意识到自己的世界是虚拟的，知道“救世主”的出现。
Humans of the future live in a virtual world made by robots, and robots are able to extract the bioenergy from the human body. But humans of the virtual world are unaware that their world is virtual, knowing the emergence of the Savior.
我们并不是来讲解这个科幻影视作品的，我们要做的，是从中这些科幻影视作品中，看看人们的需求。
We're not talking about science fiction. What we're going to do is look at people's needs from these science fictions.
一提到需求，我们可能会立刻想到马斯克的“需求层次论”，但是在这里，我们更加抽象一下：
When it comes to needs, we may immediately think of Mask's “needs hierarchy”, but here we have to be more abstract:
首先我们来看的是Meta，也就是之前的Facebook。对Meta来说，今年是一个非常重要的一年，因为今年它改元。当然我们都知道在中国的历史上，某个帝王更改自己的年号叫“改元”，其实对Facebook对Meta来说，2021年也是它的改元之年。我们可以看一看在它改元之前，它的虚拟现实以及在元宇宙做了哪些布局。
First of all, we are looking at Meta, the previous Facebook. For Meta, this year was a very important year, because it changed the dollar. Of course, we all know that in China's history, an emperor changed his annual title by the name of “Rechange”, but for Meta, 2021 was also the year of change. We can see what its virtual reality was and what it did in the meta-cosmos before it changed.
2014年的时候，其用20亿美元将股份收购了OculusVR。在收购的时候，扎克伯格在自己的Facebook主页上说了这样一句话：沉浸式的虚拟现实游戏，将是虚拟现实第一个重大应用，但是这仅仅只是一个起点，虚拟现实绝不仅仅是游戏，我们希望把它打造成下一个计算和通讯平台。
In 2014, it acquired the shares of OculusVR with $2 billion. At the time of the acquisition, Zuckerberg said on his Facebook page that a immersed virtual reality game would be the first major application of virtual reality, but it was only a starting point, and virtual reality was not just a game, and we wanted it to be the next computing and communication platform.
2018年9月，Facebook在OculusConnect开发者大会上宣布推出独立虚拟现实（VR）头盔Oculus Quest，跟Oculus Go类似，这种头盔无需PC或手机即可提供虚拟现实功能。但是它提供了6自由度的游戏控制器，可以让玩家更愉快的玩耍。
In September 2018, Facebook announced the launch of an independent virtual reality (VR) helmet, Oculus Quest, similar to Oculus Go, which provides virtual reality without the need for a PC or a mobile phone. But it provides a six-degree free game controller that allows players to play more happily.
2020年9月，Facebook在开发者大会上宣布推出OculusQuest 2代，定价仅299美元。2021年11月17日，根据高通CEO透露的数据，Oculus Quest2代的累积销量已经突破1000万台！！！
In September 2020, Facebook announced the launch of the Oculus Quest 2 generation, at a price of $299. On November 17, 2021, according to data released by the Hightower CEO, the cumulative sales of the Oculus Quest 2 generation have passed 10 million!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
那么1000万台意味着什么？意味着 VR头显的设备已经跨越了所谓的第一个极限点，即将迈向真正的星辰大海。
So what does 10 million of them mean? It means that VR-heading equipment has crossed the so-called first threshold and is on its way to the real sea of stars.
往后接下来几年还会陆续还有Oculus的3代和4代，而这些都在开发之中，而且价格肯定不会比二代贵，也会解决诸多的技术问题，但是具体的发布时间（可能在2022年圣诞节前）还在猜测当中。除了3代和4代之外，还有传闻中的PRO版本，也就是性能更强，价格更高，那么它可能会对标传说中要发布的苹果的新品。当然Meta也就是之前的Facebook，除了现有的Oculus这条产品之外，还在积极的研发AR眼镜。
The next few years will be three and four generations of Oculus, all under development, and certainly not more expensive than the second generation, and will solve many technical problems, but the timing of the release (possibly before Christmas in 2022) is still under speculation. In addition to the three and four generations, there are anecdotal versions of PRO, that is, more performance and higher prices, which may be new to the apples to be published in the legend.
看完上述的这些产品之外，我们也来看一看Meta还有其他哪些布局：2018年的Facebook F8大会上，Oculus首席科学家Michael Abrash宣布Oculus研发部门Oculus Research重新命名为Facebook Reality Labs，并同时涉足VR与AR技术的研发。
In addition to the above-mentioned products, we have come to see what other configurations are in Meta: at Facebook F8 conference in 2018, Ocuulus chief scientist Michael Abrash announced the renaming of Ocuulus Research as Facebook Reality Labs, research and development of VR and AR technologies.
Facebook AR/VR部门在2021年总人数已逾1万人,占总员工人数的近20%,而2017年该部门仅为1000人。
The Facebook AR/VR department had a total of over 10,000 people in 2021, accounting for nearly 20 per cent of the total workforce, compared to only 1,000 in 2017.
Facebook有两个开发者的大会是值得我们关注的，分别是每年5月到6月的F8大会，以及每年10月底左右的XR开发者大会。
The meetings of two developers on Facebook are worthy of our attention: the F8 Conference in May to June of each year, and the XR Developers Conference around the end of October of each year.
Facebook于2017年发布了名为AR Studio的AR套件，并一直与全球社区合作，共同塑造和定义Spark AR平台。
Facebook released the AR package called AR Studio in 2017 and has been working with the global community to shape and define the Spark AR platform.
2021年8月20日，Facebook推出测试性的VR远程办公APP，名为HorizonWorkrooms，有了该软件，Oculus Quest 2用户可以用虚拟化身参与会议。
On 20 August 2021, Facebook launched a pilot VR teleworking APP called HorizonWorkrooms, with which Oculus Quest 2 users can participate in a virtual body.
2021年11月11日，Meta宣布与微软合作，将Meta旗下的WorkPlace功能与微软的Teams整合，发展元宇宙办公室。
On 11 November 2021, Meta announced its collaboration with Microsoft to integrate the WorkPlace function under the Meta flag with Microsoft Teams to develop a meta-cosm office.
我们可以看到，现在虚拟现实和原有的产品和技术的布局，从之前的以数年为单位，现在已经大大的提速，增加到了一年半年甚至几个月都会有一个新的产品新的功能出来。
As we can see, the virtual reality and the layout of the original products and technologies now, from a few years ago, have increased dramatically to a new function of a new product in a year and a half or even months.
那么在内容生态上，Meta一是推出Oculus Store，目前已有超过60款Oculus Quest 游戏的营收超过100万美元；二是和第三方平台SideQuest合作。
In terms of content ecology, Meta has launched the Oculus Store, which has now received more than $1 million in more than 60 Oculus Quest games; and has worked with the third-party platform SideQuest.
2015的开发者大会，微软与WIN10一起推出黑科技产品HoloLens；
Developer's Conference 2015, Microsoft, with WIN10, to launch the black technology product HoloLens;
2019年2月的MWC（世界移动通信大会）上，微软发布HoloLens 2代；
At MWC (World Mobile Communications Congress), February 2019, Microsoft launched the HoloLens 2 generation;
2021年4月，微软拿下美军218.8亿美元的军工版HoloLens合同。
In April 2021, Microsoft took the $21.88 billion military-industrial version of the HoloLens contract from the United States Army.
除设备之外，
In addition to the equipment,
2018年10月，微软首次启动AzureDigital Twins平台预览版；
In October 2018, Microsoft launched a preview of the AzureDigitalTwins platform for the first time;
2020年12月，微软宣布AzureDigital Twins全面上市；
In December 2020, Microsoft announced the full listing of AzureDigital Twins;
2021年3月，微软推出了一款具有3D化身和其他XR功能的虚拟平台Mesh，旨在打造能让人们通过AR/VR技术进行远程协作的应用。微软团队将会推出全新的3D虚拟化身，无须使用VR/AR头盔，用户将能够以虚拟任务或动画卡通的形式出现在视频会议中，且通过人工智能能够解读声音，让头像变得活灵活现。
In March 2021, Microsoft launched a virtual platform with 3D chromosomes and other XRs to create applications that allow remote collaboration through AR/VR technologies. The Microsoft team will launch a brand-new 3D virtual incarnation, without the need to use VR/AR helmets, and users will be able to appear in videoconferences in the form of virtual missions or animated cartoons, and through artificial intelligence they can interpret voices and make their heads live and flexible.
可以看到微软的动作也是不断的加快：11月2日，微软在Ignite大会上宣布，计划将旗下聊天和会议应用Microsoft Teams打造成元宇宙，把混合现实会议平台Microsoft Mesh融入Microsoft Teams中。此外，Xbox游戏平台将来也要加入元宇宙。
It can be seen that Microsoft’s movement is accelerating: on November 2, at the Ignate Congress, Microsoft announced plans to use Microsoft Teams to create a metaspace for chats and meetings under the flag, and to integrate Microsoft Mesh into Microsoft Teams. In addition, the Xbox game platform will join the universe in the future.
萨提亚·纳德拉表示，微软的元宇宙最初专注于企业级应用。
Satya Nadera said that Microsoft's metacosystem initially focused on enterprise-level applications.
微软（中国）首席技术官官韦青表示，没必要去纠结现在流行的技术叫什么词，无论是叫元宇宙也好，叫数字孪生也罢。永远不要忘记，创造虚拟空间的初衷是为了强化物理世界，让我们在现实生活提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
Microsoft (China)’s Chief Technical Officer, Wei Qing, has said that there is no need to dwell on what technology is now in use, whether it be called the Yuan cosmos or the digital twin. Never forget that the creation of virtual space was originally designed to strengthen the physical world, so that we can make production more efficient and lower production costs in real life.
官韦青指出，像微软、苹果等科技公司的业务是虚拟空间、物理世界两方面业务皆有覆盖，两方面互补，而不是单方面地陷入到某一个领域。元宇宙构筑的逻辑，都是将物理世界的对象和现象变成模型，放到虚拟空间中，进行仿真、预测，最终反馈到物理空间，来强化我们的物理世界。
Officer Wai Qing pointed out that technology companies like Microsoft, Apple and others operate in both virtual space and physical worlds that complement each other, rather than falling unilaterally into a certain field. The logic of meta-cosm construction is to model the objects and phenomena of the physical world into virtual space, imitate, predict, and eventually feed back into physical space to strengthen our physical world.
下图是微软的Metaverse解决方案，包括它的物理世界、连接、建模、位置、数据，还有智能逻辑以及协作平台等等，可以看到它是偏向于提高生产力。
The following is Microsoft's Metaverse solution, which includes its physical world, connections, modelling, location, data, intelligent logic and collaborative platforms, among others, and can be seen to be biased towards productivity gains.
As can be seen, its understanding of the metaspace is more socially entertaining. In Wikipedia, the metaspace (a portmanteau of "meta-" and "universe") is a more precise and comprehensive definition of the internet, supporting universe on line 3-D social understandings through social interaction, as well as a well-known reality hearing.
一句话概述：元宇宙就是下一代互联网。
To sum up, the Yuan cosmos is the next generation of the Internet.
那么接下来我们来一起看一看元宇宙就是如何构建的，也就是元宇宙的技术基础。
So let's take a look at how the meta-cosmos is built, which is the technological foundation of the meta-cosmos.
元宇宙的构成技术是非常的多，包括虚拟现实、区块链、AI+人工智能等等.
The composition of the meta-cosmos is very numerous, including virtual reality, block chains, AI+ artificial intelligence, and so on.
详细的步骤可以参考下图：
Detailed steps can be drawn from the following graph:
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