不管是互联网还是区块链，作为一项技术进入大众的视野，开源与否都饱含争议，曾经Java的非完全开源产生了很多非议，而今区块链的出现，让开源与否这个话题再次进入公众视野。
Whether it is the Internet or the block chain, as a technology that enters the public view, the open source is highly controversial, and there was a lot of disagreement about Java's incomplete open source, and the emergence of the block chain today brings the open source again into the public's eyes.
什么是开源?
What's open source?
大家经常听到的项目开源，实际上是指项目遵循开源协议，将源代码公开，任何人都可以进行查看。计算机发展早期阶段，软件几乎都是开放的，任何人都可以查看软件的源代码，但是微软的出现打破了这种局面，他们在分发软件的时候也不再附带源代码。从此，专有软件的时代到来了。但是随着区块链技术的出现，以代码开源为特点，凭借在极客圈获得的巨大认同，开始重登历史舞台，现在大部分的项目选择在Github上面开源。
The project’s opening source, which you often hear, actually means that the project follows the open source agreement, that the source code is open and that anyone can view it. In the early stages of computer development, the software is almost open and anyone can see the source code, but Microsoft’s presence breaks the situation and they don’t attach the source code to the distribution of the software. The era of proprietary software has since come. But with the advent of block chain technology, which is characterized by open source code, and by the huge recognition gained in the conglomerates, most of the projects are now open on Github.
Github是谁?
Who's Github?
gitHub是一个面向开源及私有软件项目的托管平台，因为只支持git 作为唯一的版本库格式进行托管，故名gitHub。
The gitHub is a hosting platform for open-source and privately owned software projects, as Git is only supported as the sole version library format, so named gitHub.
gitHub于2008年4月10日正式上线，除了git代码仓库托管及基本的 Web管理界面以外，还提供了订阅、讨论组、文本渲染、在线文件编辑器、协作图谱(报表)、代码片段分享(Gist)等功能。目前全球拥有数千万的开发者用户，仅在中国就有接近百万的开发者使用Github。
In addition to the Git code warehouse hosting and the basic Web management interface, gitHub was officially launched on 10 April 2008 and provides subscriptions, discussion groups, text rendering, online document editor, collaborative mapping (statements), code snippet sharing (Gist). There are currently tens of millions of developers worldwide, with nearly one million developers using Github in China alone.
区块链项目为何要开源?
Why does the block chain project have to be open-sourced?
简单来说，区块链技术就是一个大的账本，可以供很多人查看使用，这个大的账本需要多方参与合作。但是在合作过程中，如何迅速的建立互信?如何让合作企业将业务直接建立在陌生平台上?最好的办法或许就是开源。项目方选择开源，意味着将获得：
In short, block chain technology is a big book that many people can view, a large one that requires multiple players to work together. But in the process of cooperation, how can mutual trust be built quickly? How can cooperative enterprises be able to base their business directly on a strange platform? Perhaps the best solution is open source. The project's choice of open source means that it will be obtained:
更少的项目漏洞
Fewer Project Leaks
一个项目选择开源，意味着将要承受更大的公众压力，接受公众的检查，项目方在写代码和做测试时，会更加注重代码质量，这和政府将资金公开类似。
A project's choice of open source means that it will be subject to greater public pressure and public scrutiny, and project parties will focus more on code quality when writing and testing, similar to the Government's disclosure of funds.
更低的开发成本
Lower development costs
对于项目来说，随着开源社区的逐渐成熟，有些工作可能社区成员就能替代完成，比如项目漏洞的检查、代码书写。整体开发成本将会越来越低。
For projects, as open-source communities mature, some work may be performed by community members, such as checking project gaps, writing codes. The overall development costs will become increasingly low.
更强的创新能力
Greater capacity for innovation
因为社区的多元化，技术人才有新的想法后可以直接自己动手创建分支。开源给予了更多选择，就如同一家公司无论有多么优秀，它还是需要更多的优秀人才。
Because of the diversity of communities, technocrats have new ideas to create their own branches. Open source gives them more options, like a company that needs more good people, no matter how good it is.
面对如此多的优势，NEO创始人达鸿飞更是放出狠话：不开源的区块链都是耍流氓。
In the face of so many advantages, the founder of the NEO, Da Hung Fei, has spoken harshly: the unopened chain of blocks is full of hooliganism.
同时大众心理对于不开源的项目也都持怀疑态度。既然项目是基于区块链的，为何不直接开源，直接告诉别人项目确实是怎么工作的。再从区块链要解决的问题入手。区块链的出现，就是专门针对信任问题。彻底颠覆了大众的传统认知，将传统的单点信任和对某一中心化机构的信任问题，转化为直接点对点交流。而如果项目选择不开源，那仍将会是一个中心化的机构，与区块链的精神背离。国际上很多知名区块链公司都是开源的，比如Hyperledger，Corda等
And the popular mind is skeptical about projects that are not open-sourced. Since the project is based on a block chain, why don't you just open it up and tell people how the project actually works? And start with the problem that the block chain is about to solve.
区块链项目就必须开源么?
Does the block chain project have to be sourced?
有意思的是，据有关数据显示，比特币从2009年将代码开源后，每年大约有8000多个区块链项目加入GitHub(一个面向开源及私有软件项目的托管平台)，至今已经有超过3W多个区块链项目，其中92%的项目处于不活跃状态，已经半死不活，仅有8%左右的处于活跃状态(在过去半年至少更新过一次)。
It is interesting to note that, according to relevant data, about 8,000 block chain projects (a hosting platform for open-source and privately owned software projects) have been added to GitHub each year since the code was opened in 2009 by Bitcoin, and to date there have been more than 3W block chain projects, 92 per cent of which are inactive, half-dead and only about 8 per cent active (updated at least once in the past six months).
作为目前最主流的开源平台，GitHub网站上有关区块链项目的现实情况是，大部分项目已经停工。想要单纯依靠社区力量来发展，显然效果并不是很理想，很容易陷入死亡的命运。
The reality on GitHub’s web site, which is the most mainstream open source platform, is that most of the projects have been shut down.
那么问题来了，开源项目大批量死亡，背后的原因到底是为何?或者换一种说法，开源的缺点在哪里?
So the question is, what is the reason behind the massive death of the Open Source Project? Or, in other words, what are the shortcomings of the Open Source?
当项目完全开源后，源代码是对所有人公示的，这其中就包括一些心怀鬼胎的人。黑客对于区块链的攻击一直在发生，在看到源代码后，项目方也更容易被乘虚而入，这样的例子在币圈发生较为频繁。
When the project is fully open, the source code is made public to all, and this includes some people who are haunted. The hacker's attack on the block chain has been taking place, and when you see the source code, the project side is more likely to be inflated, and this is the case more frequently in the currency circles.
当某个项目拥有超过同行业的技术水平时，代码公开无异于直接将核心技术拱手让人。随意的Ctrl+C即可直接将项目复制，这对于劳动者来说非常不公平。上面提到92%的开源项目都已经濒临死亡，然而统计发现，拥有高复制比的项目反而存活率较高。因为直接用别人的代码，显然要比自己研发省事许多，也就有更多的资金干其他的事情。
When a project has a level of technology above that of the same industry, the code is open as if it were a direct transfer of core technology. A random Ctrl+C can reproduce the project directly, which is very unfair to workers. The 92% of open-source projects mentioned above are already dying, but the statistics show that projects with high replication are more likely to survive than others.
最典型的例子就是V神怒怼孙晨宇的波场抄袭，直言TRX复制粘贴白皮书效率远高于原创。
The most typical example is a copy of the TRX copying of the White Paper, which was much more efficient than original.
显然，单纯的从开不开源就评判一个项目好坏，是很不理智的，尤其是对一些踏实干事、技术领先的团队很不公平。
It is obvious that it is irrational to judge a project from the point of view, and in particular to judge it from the point of view, that it is unfair to some of the hard-working and technologically leading teams.
究竟该如何选择?
What's the choice?
有关开不开源的讨论，或许我们可以参考另外一个话题——去中心化交易所or中心化交易所。绝对的去中心化在效率上不尽人意，体验感很差;绝对的中心化在安全问题上又让人担心。因此衍生出了一种新的平衡，既保持一定的去中心化的特征，比如说公开、透明、公平，又保持一些中心化的特征，比如说更有效率，决策更快，做迭代更有帮助。
The discussion of open sources, perhaps we can look at another topic: decentralizing the exchange or centralizing it. Absolute decentralization is inefficient, very difficult to experience; absolute centralization is a source of concern about security issues. So a new balance emerges, one that preserves certain decentralized features, such as openness, transparency, equity, and some central features, such as more efficient decision-making, faster decision-making, and more help with duplication.
在项目发展初期，需要依靠技术手段不断升级来获得用户流量，这个时候可以选择将部分代码开源，即一些非核心部分进行开源，对外部进行公示，赢得合作伙伴信任。当项目发展达到行业领先水平，系统上已经构建起丰富的应用后，可以将代码陆续开源，此时即便出现复制应用，也无法撼动其行业地位，就像比特币永远都是比特币，因为它第一个出现，已经在大众心目中形成共识。
In the early stages of project development, it was necessary to rely on technological means to upgrade to obtain user flows, at which point it was possible to open up some of the codes, i.e. some non-core components to open sources, to publicize the outside, and to gain the trust of partners. When project development reached industry leadership levels, the system built on a wealth of applications, it was possible to open up the code, and it was not possible to shake the industry’s position, even if it was replicated, as bitcoin was always bitcoin, because it was the first to emerge and a consensus had emerged in the public eye.
笔者认为，只要敢于开源的项目都属于对自己的技术水平有一定的自信，或者已经经过大范围的测试的项目，毕竟是把自己的一切公布到网上，供所有人检阅。
In my view, projects that dare to open their sources are projects that have a certain level of confidence in their skills or that have been tested on a wide scale, after all, are published on the Internet for everyone to see.
从山寨币的归零开始，笔者就不在关注任何华丽的包装，而是去真正的研究其技术的实现路径，若是理论上都无法讲通的逻辑，哪怕是再天花乱坠都不会去耗费时间关注，若是白皮书中几乎统一的商业思维而没有技术逻辑，社群再活跃也不过就是虚假的繁荣。
From the point of zero return, I do not focus on any fancy packaging, but rather on a true study of the path to the realization of its technology. If it is not theoretically logical, even a fall of small size will not take time to focus on it. If it is almost uniform business thinking in the white paper, without technical logic, it would be a false prosperity for the community to become active.
对此，AtoXChain的技术人员表示，技术的存在是为了解决传统互联网无法解决的问题，而不是强硬的结合，原本用互联网就可以简单解决的问题，就不需要用区块链来解决，这简直就是多此一举。
In response, AtoX Chain's technicians said that technology existed to solve problems that could not be solved by the traditional Internet, rather than by a hard combination, which could be solved simply by using the Internet, without the need for a block chain, which was just too much.
注册有任何问题请添加 微信：MVIP619 拉你进入群
打开微信扫一扫
添加客服
进入交流群
发表评论