比特币上演过山车行情 “疯狂的矿机”成为过去式

2017年10月开始，代币价格飞涨，一枚比特币价格一度超过10万元，暴富梦想让无数人涌入，也推高了矿机的行情。当时有店铺老板将“矿机”比作曾经的“苹果手机”，称矿机生意盘活了华强北电脑市场。

Starting in October 2017, the price of a coin surged, with a bitcoin price once exceeding $100,000, a wildly rich dream that led to the influx of countless people and pushed up the miner’s movement. At that time, the shopkeeper compared the “miner” to the “apple phone” that used to exist, saying that the miner business had survived the North Korean computer market.

2018年1月29日，比特币当日价格徘徊在74800元左右，记者走访华强北市场，最为热销的蚂蚁S9 （13.5T）矿机售价约26000元，且大多店铺供货紧张，现货较少，需要等待数日或者春节后才能拿货。

On 29 January 2018, the daily price of Bitcoin hovered at around $74,800, and journalists visited the North China market, selling the hottest ants S9 (13.5 T) mine for about $26,000, and most of the stores were under stress, with fewer supplies on the spot, waiting for days or spring.

矿机生意的火爆也成就了矿机公司，生产蚂蚁矿机的比特大陆、生产阿瓦隆的嘉楠耘智和生产翼比特的亿邦科技是世界排名前三的数字货币矿机生产商，这些公司一时间成为了闷声发大财的典范，令人艳羡。

The explosion in the mine business has also led to the emergence of miner companies, which have become an enviable model of stifling and wealth in one of the world's top three producers of digital money miners, on the Bit continent, where ant machines are produced, on the Gianan Jieji, where Avalon is produced, and on the Billion Bites, where production wings are made, on the other hand, the world's top three largest producers of digital money miners.

ASIC（专用的集成电路）矿机成为挖矿的主导力量，也让上游厂商芯片厂商找到了新机会。对于以先进制程领跑的台积电来说，由于受到三大矿机厂家的青睐，其2017年第3季财报提及，有3至4亿美元的销售收入来自虚拟货币及AI智能产品。此外，寻求新的利润增长点的三星也立即跟进，据称其在今年1月底已和一家从事比特币挖矿的企业签订协议，开始生产用于比特币挖矿的芯片。

The ASIC (specially designed integrated circuit) mine has become the dominant mining force, and has also created new opportunities for upstream chip producers. For power builders with advanced-tracking lead, the third quarter of 2017 mentioned $300 to $400 million in sales proceeds from virtual currency and AI smart products.

2月，一系列利空消息的出现，使得比特币价格一度跌至近6000美元，与去年12月接近2万美元的高点相比，跌幅达到了70%，令人瞠目结舌。

In February, a series of illustrious news reports brought the price of Bitcoin down to almost $6,000, a striking 70 per cent decline compared to the nearly $20,000 high point in December last year.

不可避免地，矿机的行情也受到影响。当21世纪经济报道记者3月19日再次来到赛格电子广场，多家柜台上整齐地摆放着未拆封的蚂蚁矿机现货，多位商家对蚂蚁S9 （13.5T）矿机带官方电源版的报价均在13600-13800元。相比一个多月前，价格将近腰斩。且多位商铺老板表示无需等待，一手交钱一手拿货。

When the 21st century economic reporter came back to Seger Electronics Square on March 19th, the undisclosed ant miner was present on various counters, and the price of the official power version of the ant S9 (13.5 T) mine was 13600-13,800 dollars. The price was close to being cut more than a month ago.

目前，在比特大陆的官方网站上，一台带有官方电源的蚂蚁S9（13.5T）矿机价格为15000元，当前状态显示售罄，3月20日到3月30日可以发货。这也意味着，除非是过往低价囤货，当前的矿机卖家几乎没有利润空间。

At present, an ant S9 (13.5 T) mine with an official power source has a cost of $15,000 on the official website of the continent. The current state shows that it is sold out and can be shipped between 20 March and 30 March. This means that there is little profit for the current miner unless it is hoarded at lower prices.

以3月20日18：00火币网报价来看，比特币报价为8570美元，日内涨幅4.3%，过去一周累计下跌缩小至11%。以太币上涨近1%，交投于550美元附近。

The bid for bitcoin was $8570 on 20 March, representing an increase of 4.3 per cent in the day, a cumulative decline of 11 per cent over the past week. The price of the talisman rose by almost 1 per cent, to close to $550.

前途未卜

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比特币的“挖矿”过程是通过利用较高算力来解决一系列复杂的数学问题，来证明“矿工”使用了这个过程并将交易记录放到区块链上。如果矿工们能成功地验证这个方程式，他就能得到相应数目的比特币。

The Bitcoin process of “mining” solves a complex array of mathematical problems by using higher arithmetic to prove that the miners used the process and put the transaction records on the block chain. If the miners succeed in validating the equation, they will get the corresponding number of bitcoins.

随着挖矿大军日益庞大，监管风声收紧，对于个体来说，进入这个市场淘金的难度和风险早已日益增大。工业数据网站CryptoCompare的CEO Charlie Hayter称，人们对比特币挖矿的兴趣从去年12月份开始激增，从那时起，矿工的收益几乎减少了一半。

With the growing size of the mining army and tight regulations, it has become increasingly difficult and risky for individuals to access the market. The industrial data site CEO Charlie Hayter, CryptoComparate, claims that interest in Bitcoin mining began to surge in December last year, when the miner’s revenues were almost halved.

理论上讲，当获取比特币的成本超过了回报，矿工们就失去了挖矿的动力，那么矿机生意自然也会陷入困境。

Theoretically, when the cost of getting bitcoin exceeds the return, miners lose the incentive to dig, and the machine business naturally falls into trouble.

纽约投资机构Fundstrat的分析师Thomas Lee在上周四的一份报告中说：“目前比特币的交易价格本质上就是挖一枚比特币的盈亏平衡成本。由于地区电力成本的不同，比特币的成本仍有很大差异。假设每千瓦时的电费为6美分，再加上其他费用，当前挖出一枚比特币的成本价格为8038美元。”据称，这个模型包含了挖矿的设备成本、电力以及其他开销（比如维护冷却设施的费用等）三个因素。该公司另一位分析师称，让大多数矿工真正开始关闭业务的比特币价格是3000到4000美元。

New York investment agency Fundstrat's analyst Thomas Lee said in a report last Thursday: “The current trading price of Bitcoin is essentially the profit-and-loss cost of digging up a bitcoin. The cost of Bitcoin remains very different because of regional power costs. Assuming that electricity costs are 6 cents per kilowatt hour, plus other costs, the cost of digging up a bitcoin is currently $8038.” The model allegedly contained three factors: the cost of equipment, electricity, and other expenses (such as the cost of maintaining cooling facilities).

“昨天矿场的数字是每天能挖0.0017个币，5个多月肯定可以回本”、“现在现货比期货便宜，有充裕的资金赶紧下手，矿机价格肯定会涨”、“比特币目前的价格肯定有上涨空间”，善于经商的华强北商人3月20日告诉前来询价的顾客。

“The number of mines yesterday is 0.0017 dollars per day, and it must have been back for more than five months.” “Now the spot is cheaper than the future, with plenty of money to do it, the price of the mine is bound to rise.” “The current price of Bitcoin is bound to have room for upswing”, a businessman, a Chinese businessman from North Hua, told customers who came to ask for the price on 20 March.

一位踟蹰的虚拟货币爱好者向记者表示，当前买机器挖矿面临诸多不确定性因素，主要包括机器的稳定性、比特币的价格和监管政策。“当前矿机成本和挖矿收益直接与币价挂钩，一旦币价出现大幅波动，将对挖矿的资金回收周期产生巨大影响；今年以来，全球各国对数字货币的监管态度有收紧趋严的态势。未来，如果有更多国家严管或封杀比特币，将可能令比特币价格大幅跳水。按照当前币价，主流矿机平均回收周期需要半年左右，矿机长时间都处于高负荷运转状态，能否维持半年以上健康运转将决定投资的成败。”

A virtual currency enthusiast has indicated to journalists that the current buying of machines is subject to a number of uncertainties, including, inter alia, machine stability, bitcoin prices and regulatory policies. “The current cost of mining machines and mining revenues are directly linked to the currency price, which, in the event of significant currency fluctuations, will have a significant impact on the recovery cycle of mining funds; since this year there has been a tightening of global regulation of digital money. In the future, more countries are tightening or sealing down bitcoins, which could cause a sharp fall in bitco prices.